PEN CHARTER |
The PEN Charter is based on resolutions passed at its international Congresses and may be summarized as follows:
PEN affirms that: |
| 1. |
Literature knows no frontiers and must remain common currency among people in spite of political or international upheavals. |
| 2. |
In all circumstances, and particularly in time of war, works of art, the patrimony of humanity at large, should be left untouched by national or political passion. |
| 3. |
Members of PEN should at all times use what influence they have in favour of good understanding and mutual respect between nations; they pledge themselves to do their utmost to dispel race, class and national hatreds, and to champion the ideal of one humanity living in peace in one world. |
| 4. |
PEN stands for the principle of unhampered transmission of thought within each nation and between all nations, and members pledge themselves to oppose any form of suppression of freedom of expression in the country and community to which they belong, as well as throughout the world wherever this is possible.PEN declares for a free press and opposes arbitrary censorship in time of peace.It believes that the necessary advance of the worldtowards a more highly organized political and economic order renders a free criticism of governments, administrations and institutions imperative.And since freedom implies voluntary restraint, members pledge themselves to oppose such evils of a free press as mendacious publication, deliberate falsehood and distortion of facts for political and personal ends.
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Adopted by International P.E.N.
Congress, Helsinki, 1948 |
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國際筆會憲章
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國際筆會確認：
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一、文學之起源雖有民族性，但應知文學無國界，且應不受政治或國際變亂之影響，永為各民族間之共同媒介。
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二、在任何環境下，特別在戰時，一切藝術作品因其為人類財產，應使不受民族情緒或政治趨向之影響。
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三、凡筆會會員應經常運用其所有影響力，以促進各國間之諒解與互相尊重；應保證盡其最大努力，以消除種族、階級、與國家間之一切仇恨，並支持大同世界共享和平之理想。
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四、筆會贊同各國本國內暨與他國間思想交流應不受阻礙之原則，各會員保證彼等當反對其本國及其所屬社會中以任何方式壓制言論自由之行動。筆會主張新聞自由並反對和平時期之強迫檢查。筆會相信：世界之必然向一種更健全之政治秩序與經濟秩序進展，使對於政府、機關及社團之自由批評有其必要。因自由含有克制自我之義，各會員均保證彼等反對一切新聞自由之流弊，例如出版偽書、捏造消息及歪曲事實，以達其政治及私人目的一類之行為。
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國際筆會一九四八年在赫爾辛基
舉行的代表大會正式通過 |
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國際筆會憲章
